fa فرسودگی شغلی و عوامل موثر برآن درماماها تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">زمینه و هدف</span></span></strong>: <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">فرسودگی شغلی وضعیتی است که در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">پاسخ به فشار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">روانی مزمن و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در ارتباط با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">شغل فرد به وجود</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">می‌آید و منجر به کاهش کارایی و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">از دست رفتن نیروی انسانی می‌شود.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">این مطالعه با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">هدف بررسی میزان فرسودگی شغلی و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">عوامل مؤثر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بر آن در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">ماماهای مراکز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بهداشتی و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بیمارستانی شهر سنندج در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">سال</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">1395</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">انجام شد.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مواد و روش&shy; ها: </span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی روی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">200</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نفر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">ماماهای شاغل در مراکز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بهداشتی و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بیمارستانی شهر سنندج انجام شد. نمونه‌ها با استفاده از جدول اعداد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">تصادفی به روش تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه استاندارد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">فرسودگی شغلی ماسلاچ استفاده شد. تجزیه وتحلیل اطلاعات با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">استفاده از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نرم‌افزار </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">SPSS</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> نسخه 18 و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">آزمون‌های آمار توصیفی و استنباطی انجام شد. سطح معنی‌داری کمتر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">از 05/0</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">معنادار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نظرگرفته شد.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">یافته‌ها:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نظر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">ابعاد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">فرسودگی شغلی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بعد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مسخ شخصیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">62</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نفر (31%)</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">دچار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">مسخ شخصیت در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">حد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">خفیف،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">72</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نفر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">(36%)</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">حد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">متوسط، 66</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نفر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">(33%)</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">حد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">شدید بودند و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بعد خستگی عاطفی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">70</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نفر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">(35%)</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">افراد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">دچار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">خستگی عاطفی در حد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">خفیف،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">74 نفر (37%)</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در حد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">متوسط و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">56</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نفر (28%)</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در حد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">شدید</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">بودند؛ و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در بعد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">موفقیت فردی 71</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نفر (35/5%)</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">افراد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">احساس موفقیت فردی در حد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">شدید،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">78 نفر (39%)</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در حد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">متوسط</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">و 51 نفر (25/5%)</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">در حد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">خفیف بودند.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نتیجه&shy; گیری:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">توجه به نتایج میزان فرسودگی شغلی در ماماهای مورد مطالعه در حد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">متوسط بود. با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">توجه به اهمیت حرفه مامایی در حوزه سلامت،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">به نظر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">می‌رسد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">که به منظور</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">ارتقاء کیفیت خدمات و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">رضایت افراد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">نیاز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">به اجرای برنامه‌هایی جهت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">پیش‌گیری و کاهش فرسودگی شغلی می‌باشد.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background & Aim: </strong>Job burnout is defined as the response to the chronic psychological distress caused by one&rsquo;s occupation, leading to poor efficiency and loss of human resources. The present study aimed to evaluate the rate of job burnout and its influential factors in the midwives employed at the hospitals and health centers in Sanandaj, Iran in 2016.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 200 midwives employed at the hospitals and health centers in Sanandaj city. The subjects were selected via simple random sampling using a random number table. Data were collected using Maslach burnout inventory. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 18 using descriptive and inferential statistics at the significance level of 0.05.<br> <strong>: </strong>In terms of job burnout dimensions, low cynicism in 62 subjects (31%), moderate cynicism was observed in 72 subjects (36%), and severe cynicism was observed in 66 subjects (33%). Low emotional exhaustion was detected in 70 subjects (35%), moderate emotional exhaustion was observed in 74 subjects (37%), and severe exhaustion was reported in 56 subjects (28%). With regard to personal efficiency, high self-effectiveness was denoted in 71 subjects (35.5%), while the level was moderate and low in 78 (39%) and 51 subjects (25.5%).<br> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the results, the rate of job burnout was moderate among the studied midwives. Given the importance of midwifery in health care, preventive programs are recommended in order to promote the quality of care services and satisfaction of healthcare professionals, as well as reducing the rate of job burnout.</div> فرسودگی شغلی, ماما, مراکز بهداشتی Burnout, Midwife, Health centres 67 76 http://sjnmp.muk.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-111-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Hana Sohrabi هانا سهرابی honeyhana96@gmail.com 3720590224 10031947532846003659 No Student Resarch Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان، سنندج، ایران Shaghayegh Majzobi شقایق مجذوبی sh.majzoobi22@gmail.com 3720641074 10031947532846003660 Yes Student Resarch Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان، سنندج، ایران Ronak Shahoei روناک شاهوی Rshaho@yahoo.com 10031947532846003661 10031947532846003661 No Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran. دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان