Volume 7, Issue 2 (12-2021)
SJNMP 2021, 7(2): 60-71 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Taheri M, Shamsaei F, Tapak L, Sadeghian E. Evaluation of anxiety, hope and related factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. SJNMP 2021; 7 (2) :60-71
URL: http://sjnmp.muk.ac.ir/article-1-425-en.html
URL: http://sjnmp.muk.ac.ir/article-1-425-en.html
1- MSc Student in Nursing, Student Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
2- Professor, Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
3- Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
4- Associate Professor, Chronic Diseases (Home Care) Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. ,sadeghianefat@gmail.com
2- Professor, Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
3- Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
4- Associate Professor, Chronic Diseases (Home Care) Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. ,
Abstract: (1913 Views)
Background & Aim: In addition to physical complications, diabetes has psychological consequences such as anxiety and hopelessness. Anxiety leads to high blood sugar and decreased self-care, but hope can play an important role in people adapting to the problems caused by the disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the level of anxiety, hope and related factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 108 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the Diabetes Center of Hamadan in 2020 who met the inclusion criteria. Samples were selected as available. Data were collected by Demographic Questionnaire, Cattell Anxiety Questionnaire and Omid Snyder Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software and descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: In patients with type 2 diabetes, the mean of latent anxiety was 14.41±2.62, overt anxiety was 14.84±2.59, total anxiety was 29.25±4.95, and the mean of hope was 31.35±5.67. No significant relationship was observed between anxiety and hope (P>0.05). Among the studied personal and clinical variables, only the history of hospitalization and treatment method had a significant relationship with overt anxiety (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes experienced moderate levels of anxiety and hope. Hospitalization history and type of injection therapy were significantly associated with overt anxiety. Appropriate interventions are needed to increase hope and reduce anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 108 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the Diabetes Center of Hamadan in 2020 who met the inclusion criteria. Samples were selected as available. Data were collected by Demographic Questionnaire, Cattell Anxiety Questionnaire and Omid Snyder Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software and descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: In patients with type 2 diabetes, the mean of latent anxiety was 14.41±2.62, overt anxiety was 14.84±2.59, total anxiety was 29.25±4.95, and the mean of hope was 31.35±5.67. No significant relationship was observed between anxiety and hope (P>0.05). Among the studied personal and clinical variables, only the history of hospitalization and treatment method had a significant relationship with overt anxiety (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes experienced moderate levels of anxiety and hope. Hospitalization history and type of injection therapy were significantly associated with overt anxiety. Appropriate interventions are needed to increase hope and reduce anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2021/07/26 | Revised: 2021/12/9 | Accepted: 2021/09/25 | Published: 2021/12/8 | ePublished: 2021/12/8
Received: 2021/07/26 | Revised: 2021/12/9 | Accepted: 2021/09/25 | Published: 2021/12/8 | ePublished: 2021/12/8
References
1. Herman WH. The global burden of diabetes: an overview. Diabetes mellitus in developing countries and underserved communities. 2017;p.1-5. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-41559-8_1]
2. Javanbakht M, Mashayekhi A, Baradaran HR, Haghdoost A, Afshin A. Projection of diabetes population size and associated economic burden through 2030 in Iran: evidence from micro-simulation Markov model and Bayesian meta-analysis. PloS One. 2015;10(7):e0132505. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0132505]
3. Katibeh M, Hosseini S, Soleimanizad R, Manaviat M, Kheiri B, Khabazkhoob M, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus in a central district in Islamic Republic of Iran: a population-based study on adults aged 40-80 years. EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2015;21(6):412-19. [DOI:10.26719/2015.21.412]
4. Heidarzadeh M, AghAmohammadi M. Spiritual growth in patients with type ii diabetes mellitus: a qualitative study. Journal of Research Development in Nursing & Midwifery. 2017;14(2):34-44. [DOI:10.29252/jgbfnm.14.2.34]
5. McCoy MA, Theeke LA. A systematic review of the relationships among psychosocial factors and coping in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2019;6(4):468-77. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.09.003]
6. Khalighi Z, Badfar G, Mahmoudi L, Soleymani A, Azami M, Shohani M. The prevalence of depression and anxiety in Iranian patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome. 2019;13(4):2785-94. [DOI:10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.004]
7. Ramesh S, Alizadeh Moghdam A, Safari AR, Feizi M. The relationship between anxiety, depression and stress with the severity of diabetes: the role of the mediator of quality of life. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism. 2019;18(2):80-9. [Persian]
8. Hajializadeh K, Norizadeh B. The effectiveness of dialectical behavioral therapy on reducing anxiety and improving social functioning of patients with diabetes. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism. 2018;17(3):130-8. [Persian]
9. Zare H, Zare M, khalegi Delavar F, Amirabadi F, Shahriari H. Mindfulness and diabetes: evaluation of effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Stress Reductionon glycemic control in diabetes. Razi journal of medical sciences. 2013;20(108):40-52. [Persian]
10. Dieleman GC, Huizink AC, Tulen JH, Utens EM, Tiemeier H. Stress reactivity predicts symptom improvement in children with anxiety disorders. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2016;196(1):190-99. [DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2016.02.022]
11. Shirkavand N, Gholami heydari S, Arab Salari Z, Ashoori J. The impact of life skills training on happiness and hopefulness among patients with type ii diabetes. Journal of Diabetes Nursing. 2015;3(3):8-19. [Persian]
12. Samadi Fard HR. Relationship between spiritual well-being and religious belief with life expectancy of diabetics. Islam and Health Journal. 2015;2(2):44-51. [Persian]
13. Alipour A, Aliakbari DM, Amini F, Hashemi JA. Relationship between perceived social support and adherence of treatment in Diabetes mellitus type 2: mediating role of resillency and hope. Research in Psychological Health 2016;10(2):53-67. [Persian]
14. Shamsalinia A, Pourghaznein T, Parsa M. The relationship between hope and religious coping among patients with type 2 diabetes. Global Journal of Health Science. 2015;8(1):208-16. [DOI:10.5539/gjhs.v8n1p208]
15. Beigi A, Habibi S, Rezaei HH, Niasty R, Shams AZ, Ashoori J, et al. Effect of spiritual training on decreased anxiety and increased quality of life of women with gestational diabetesin the assement of nursing and modern care. Journal of Diabetes Nursing. 2016;4(3):19-29. [Persian]
16. Finney JC. Anxiety: Its measurement by objective personality tests and self-report. Anxiety and the anxiety disorders: Routledge. 2019; p. 645-74. [DOI:10.4324/9780203728215-47]
17. Hajseyed Javadi A, Ziaee A, Yazdi Z, Ebrahimabadi N, Shafikhani AA. Prevalence of anxiety and depression in diabetic patients: A comparative study. Biotechnology and Health Sciences. 2017; S(1):23-27. [DOI:10.5812/bhs.41629]
18. Snyder CR, Harris C, Anderson JR, Holleran SA, Irving LM, Sigmon ST, et al. The will and the ways: development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1991;60(4):570-85. [DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.60.4.570]
19. Pourfaraj M, Rezazadeh H. Effectiveness of positive therapy on happiness and hope in cancer Patients. Quarterly of Counseling Culture and Psychotherapy. 2018; 9(33):119-36. [Persian]
20. Chaturvedi SK, Manche Gowda S, Ahmed HU, Alosaimi FD, Andreone N, Bobrov A, et al. More anxious than depressed: prevalence and correlates in a 15-nation study of anxiety disorders in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. General Psychiatry. 2019; 32(4):e100076. [DOI:10.1136/gpsych-2019-100076]
21. Khan P, Qayyum N, Malik F, Khan T, Khan M, Tahir A. Incidence of anxiety and depression among patients with type 2 diabetes and the predicting factors. Cureus. 2019;11(3): e4254. [DOI:10.7759/cureus.4254]
22. Khuwaja AK, Lalani S, Dhanani R, Azam IS, Rafique G, White F. Anxiety and depression among outpatients with type 2 diabetes: A multi-centre study of prevalence and associated factors. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome. 2010; 2(1):1-7. [DOI:10.1186/1758-5996-2-72]
23. Balsanelli ACS, Grossi SAA, Herth K. Assessment of hope in patients with chronic illness and their family or caregivers. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem. 2010;24(3):354-58. [DOI:10.1590/S0103-21002011000300008]
24. Salimi Bajestani H, Hosseini Ghomi T, Zakeri N. Relationship religious orientation and hope with health anxiety among women nurses in Imam Khomeini hospital of Tehran. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research 2014;9(1):17-24. [Persian]
25. Heidari M, Ghodusi M, Naseh L, Sheikhi R. Correlation between hope and mental health after mastectomy in breast cancer survivors. Journal of Health and Care. 2015;17(1):40-46. [Persian]
26. Karababa A. The moderating role of hope in the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and anxiety among early adolescents. The Journal of Genetic Psychology. 2020;181(2-3):159-70. [DOI:10.1080/00221325.2020.1745745]
27. Zarzycka B, Śliwak J, Krok D, Ciszek P. Religious comfort and anxiety in women with cancer: The mediating role of hope and moderating role of religious struggle. Psychooncology. 2019;28(9):1829-35. [DOI:10.1002/pon.5155]
28. Mazloom Bafrooi N, Dehghani FT, Alizadeh B. Prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with diabetes. Journal of Diabetes Nursing 2015;2(4):60-68. [Persian]
29. Ebrahim Poor F, Sadeghi N, Ghaljaei F. Insulin-induced anxiety in children with diabetes. Journal of Diabetes Nursing. 2015;3(3):63-74. [Persian]
30. Russell‐Jones D, Pouwer F, Khunti K. Identification of barriers to insulin therapy and approaches to overcoming them. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 2018;20(3):488-96. [DOI:10.1111/dom.13132]
31. Mirzaei M, Daryafti H, Fallahzadeh H, Azizi B. Evaluation of depression, anxiety and stress in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. SSU Journals. 2016;24(5):387-97. [Persian]
32. Shinkov A, Borissova AM, Kovatcheva R, Vlahov J, Dakovska L, Atanassova I, et al. Increased prevalence of depression and anxiety among subjects with metabolic syndrome and known type 2 diabetes mellitus-a population-based study. Postgraduate Medicine. 2018;130(2):251-57. [DOI:10.1080/00325481.2018.1410054]
33. Azadi A, Taghinezhad H, Bastami M, Bastami A. The study amount of anxiety and depression among elderly diabetic patients referred to Shahid Mostafa Khomeini in Ilam and Shohada Ashayer Hospitals in Khoramabad 2015. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research. 2016;11(3):1-9. [Persian] [DOI:10.21859/ijnr-11061]
34. Al-Mohaimeed AA. Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among type 2 diabetes in Qassim: a descriptive cross-sectional study. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. 2017;12(5):430-36. [DOI:10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.04.002]
35. Camara A, Balde N, Enoru S, Bangoura J, Sobngwi E, Bonnet F. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among diabetic African patients in Guinea: Association with HbA1c levels. Diabetes & Metabolism. 2015;41(1):62-68. [DOI:10.1016/j.diabet.2014.04.007]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
